Stop the Bullying Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Stop the Bullying - Essay Example In spite of the fact that there is no all inclusive meaning of tormenting it is broadly thought to be an adverse conduct which reflects forcefulness through which the individual expects to mischief and hurt the person in question. Farrington (1993), an English criminologist, characterized tormenting as: â€Å"Repeated mistreatment, mental or physical, of a less ground-breaking individual by an all the more remarkable person.† This, in any case, is the meaning of when the harasser is an individual in spite of the fact that it is all the time observed that tormenting is additionally done in gatherings. In this way, for that reason a progressively fitted and changed definition could be: Bullying is rehashed abuse, mental or physical, of a less incredible individual by an all the more remarkable or gathering of people (Rigby, 2007, p. 15). The domineering jerk continues acting that way and the casualty is defenseless in that that he can't protect himself from the harasser (Olweus, 1999). Compactly, tormenting can be alluded to as the â€Å"systematic maltreatment of power†. What's more, here force doesn't really allude to physical quality, however it could likewise be passionate or mental. For example, a domineering jerk may have an all the more remarkable character, may be intellectually harder, have desire and be uncaring. Tormenting may occur in a few settings, for example, adolescence just as adulthood. In any case, tormenting has been, and still is, most connected with schools. Harassing could be directed by a gathering or by one individual alone. Regularly it is assumed that harassing happens between understudies; be that as it may, it is workable for there to be an educator student and student instructor tormenting as well. The general thought of tormenting is additionally that it includes beating and physical savagery †the bigger and more seasoned youngster harming the more vulnerable one †however once more, there likewise exists ver bal harassing, wherein the domineering jerk prods and reviles his casualty; circuitous harassing in which the harasser socially controls the person in question and uses him for assaults inside the class; and social harassing which alludes to disturbing harmony among peers and hurting their relationship. This should be possible by speaking terrible about others, spreading bits of gossip, and socially barring individuals. A later structure has been cyberbullying †tormenting others over the web (Smith, 2013). The time has come for tormenting is tended to and diminished. It is an unbearable conduct because of the manner in which the frail casualty is genuinely, verbally or mentally mistreated by the harasser and for no purpose. Tormenting among grown-ups isn't endured †we likewise speak more loudly against household maltreatment between a spouse and his significant other, and between the guardians and their youngsters. Be that as it may, school tormenting has not been routed i n a similar way (Rigby, 2007). How youngsters become menaces â€Å"When you truly investigate harassing, it's going on with kids who want to be forceful in the wake of being treated in a forceful way themselves†¦ They're the children who might be experiencing misuse or from just not having their requirements met at school or at home† - Paul Quinlan (Hopson, 2002). As indicated by Quinlan 2-16% of the underneath 18 age bunch menaces one another. Here a significant factor to test into is the way a kid turns into a domineering jerk. That is the underlying driver of the issue and in this manner it should be comprehended so as to settle the issue. As a rule, youngsters managing troublesome circumstances at home wind up tormenting others to recover the lost confidence and feel significant and commendable. Such circumstances could be battles between their folks, budgetary issues, a boozer parent who manhandles them, etc. Commonly the harasser

WHAT ARE THE CONDITIONS GOVERN essays

WHAT ARE THE CONDITIONS GOVERN articles To completely clarify the conditions overseeing Classical Greek Theater it is first vital to return in history to comprehend its inceptions. Greek Theater was brought into the world more than 2,500 years back 2,000 years before Shakespeare in its soonest structure it appeared as strict rituals, including tunes and moves carried on out of appreciation for the divine beings, and was performed distinctly by ministers and supporters of the divine beings. Through the span of time up to roughly 600 BC, these ceremonies gradually developed into the Old style Greek Theater that we perceive today. Now the ceremonies were formalized around THE DITHYRAMB a tribute to the god DIONYSUS the divine force of wine, fruitfulness and nature things near hearts of the individuals of that time the Dithyramb being typically performed by a theme of 50 men, five from every one of the clans of Attica. The CHORUS is a focal piece of Classical Greek Theater - It was the methods by which the message of the play was gracefully imparted to the crowd. The Dithyramb bit by bit advanced from just recognition of Dionysus into stories, disasters what's more, comedies, much like our advanced plays. Obviously every play needs a main on-screen character, and the principal man to take such a job was THESPIS OF ATTICA, who turned into the hero in Athenian plays of the time. In expelling himself from the Chorus and approaching to play out the main jobs, which would unavoidably include him in taking the piece of a divine being, he more likely than not been the primary recorded individual to be liable of HUBRIS a man believing himself to be the equivalent of the divine beings. His name offered ascend to the name by which the entertainers of today are some of the time known THESPIANS. The plays of this time were acted in the incomparable Amphitheaters these were outdoors theaters the word theater being gotten from the Greek THEAT... <!

Influencial Person Essays - , Term Papers

Influencial individual Be Proud Of Who You Are My grandma was conceived when the Japanese had attacked Korea. At those times young ladies were not viewed as significant and folks were esteemed. That hasnt changed a mess even today. However my grandmother was an extrodinary ladies, she was the most youthful young lady in her family and her mom kicked the bucket when she was just five years of age. She went to about third grade since Korea doesnt have a government funded educational system and learned the vast majority of her perusing and composing abilities through her more seasoned sisters, who knew somewhat more than her. My grandmother was a quick student and had the option to learn Korean and even Japanese rapidly. Living under an exceptionally severe dad she couldn't go farther than the front yard. She was regularly disheartened in learning stuff for example, math, history, and perusing and composing. The greater part of these stuff was frequently instructed distinctly to young men that could manage the cost of it. Young ladies were not shown anything other than how to cook and clean. Despite her sex she wanted for something better. She took in these fundamental aptitudes freely and even surpassed in them. She adored understanding books and read what she could discover and she is the most astute individual I know. She is a multi-capable ladies sincerely and accepts on the off chance that you set your brain your objective there isnt anything that you cannot accomplish. My grandmother wasnt ready to be someone that gave a great deal of impact and didnt meet a portion of her objectives, I am pleased with her knowledge and how much she had the option to do freely. Indeed, even as a grandmother she wants to learn and by and by is learning English. She is very nearly eighty years of age and she seems as though she is just sixty. Indeed, even now as a grandmother, she is dynamic and enthusiastic about instruction. She urges me to get a decent training and more than my folks needs me to develop and develop with trust in who I am what's more, what I can accomplish. She generally lets me know there isnt anything that you cannot accomplish in the event that you work hard for it. She doesnt lament or thinks back and gripe about the Japanese control of Korea since through that she had the option to propel herself and accomplish all that she has. Through her hardships she figured out how to be solid willed and decided.

Reflection on the book 'The White Castle' Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflection on the book 'The White Castle' - Essay Example Like in the story Hoja, a Muslim, made the western slave inform him regarding their ways of life and he favored these western styles over theirs. Pamuk depicts religion with extraordinary consideration in the book and shows how the two unique contemplations of West and East can combine. The Ottoman culture follows the old customs as per their religion and along these lines don't avoid potential risk when a plague hits Istanbul, anyway the Italian slave encourages the Sultan to utilize such measures for the finish of plague and the Sultan does in the end follow the Western method of expelling the plague which ends up being fruitful. Pamuk in his story White Castle tells about the real factors of life in the seventeenth century. It portrays various occasions occurring in the Ottoman Empire. Savagery is pervasive all through the plot of the story and can be plainly seen in the characters. The Italian Scholar is by all accounts laid into a snare by the Eastern world yet is spared by his own keenness. Essentially Pamuk is depicting the Eastern world with extraordinary vulnerability and savagery. The privateers who catch the Italian researcher are unfeeling in nature and are apparently going to slaughter the researcher. Anyway the scholar’s insight causes him to deceive the privateers into feeling that he is a specialist and this spares his life. However, then again the privateers don't free the researcher; they rather blessing him as a captive to Hoja. The character of Hoja can likewise be seen to be unfeeling as he ingests all the data from the Italian researcher about his way of life and still, at the end o f the day doesn't allow him to free. The unfeeling idea of Hoja can once more be found in his point of structuring a savage weapon which would assist his realm with conquering different states. What's more, besides, when the weapon doesn't fill in true to form by him he takes the character of the Italian researcher and flees leaving him in the Ottoman

Tips for Educators With Wheelchair-Bound Students

Tips for Educators With Wheelchair-Bound Students Dont accept that the understudy in the wheelchair requires assistance;â always inquire as to whether they might want your assistance before giving it. Its great to set up a technique for how and when the understudy might want your help. Have this coordinated discussion. Discussions At the point when you connect with an understudy in a wheelchair and youre chatting with them for over a moment or two, bow down to their level so that youre more eye to eye. Wheelchair clients acknowledge same-level exchange. One understudy once stated, When I began utilizing a wheelchair after my mishap, everything and everybody in my life got taller. Make Ways Continuously survey the lobbies, cloakrooms, and study hall to guarantee that there are make ways. Demonstrate plainly how and where they get to entryways for break, and distinguish any boundaries that might be in their manner. On the off chance that substitute ways are required, make this understood to the understudy. Ensure work areas in your homeroom are sorted out such that will oblige the wheelchair client. What to Avoid For reasons unknown, numerous instructors will congratulate the wheelchair client or shoulder. This is regularly disparaging, and the understudy may feel belittled by this development. Treat the kid in the wheelchair a similar way you would treat all youngsters in your study hall. Recollect that the childs wheelchair is a piece of him/her, dont lean or hang off a wheelchair. Opportunity Dont accept that the youngster in the wheelchair is enduring or cant get things done because of being in the wheelchair. The wheelchair is this childs opportunity. Its an empowering influence, not a disabler. Portability Understudies in wheelchairs will require moves for washrooms and transportation. At the point when moves happen, dont move the wheelchair far off from the youngster. Keep it in nearness. In Their Shoes Imagine a scenario where you were to welcome a person who was in a wheelchair to your home for supper. Consider what you would do early. Continuously plan to suit the wheelchair, and attempt to foresee their requirements ahead of time. Continuously be careful with the obstructions, and fuse procedures around them. Understanding the Needs Understudies in wheelchairs go to state funded schools increasingly more consistently. Instructors and educator/instructive associates need to comprehend the physical and passionate needs of understudies in wheelchairs. Its critical to have the foundation data from guardians and outside organizations assuming there is any chance of this happening. The information will better assistance you to comprehend the understudies needs. Educators and instructor colleagues should take on a solid initiative displaying job. At the point when one demonstrates fitting approaches to help understudies with exceptional requirements, other kids in the class figure out how to be useful and they figure out how to respond with sympathy versus feel sorry for. They realize too that the wheelchair is an empowering influence, not a disabler.

A Black History Month Reading List to Re-imagine Trumpspeak America

A Black History Month Reading List to Re-imagine Trumpspeak America In an era of doublespeak, George Orwells 1984  has found new appeal for US readers. In response to White House alt-facts, readers  have reportedly flocked to  Orwells dystopic analysis of the perils of  Stalinism, set in a parallel post-WWII  Britain. Orwells book certainly has wide  appeal. Beyond its literary charms, it gives us a view on why people like us  fall in line with a  suffocating, autocratic system. Beyond 1984,  a number of  authors and book lovers have come up with more lists of what to read  in an era of Trumpspeak. Yet most of the listed works about fascist futures, resistance reading, and Trumptopias have been made up of  works by white writers. The current turn towards  militarist-laissez-faire nativism in the US surely borrows a good deal from  the KKK and  other anti-Reconstruction forces. Americas great black writers arent the only ones writing about these forces. But the seven books below are some of the greatest works grappling with a made-in-America doublefact. They aso show not just a catastropic collapse, but in the cracks other, better possibilities. The seven: Kindred, Octavia Butler.  If were going to talk about American doublespeak, we should certainly talk about establishing a land of the free in a nation where slavery was law. Kindred  takes place largely in the nineteenth-century slaveholding South.  But, through a bit of Butlerian magic, it also takes place in the 1970s, as its a mixed-race couple who is thrown back into the heart of American slavery. The novel  threads together disparate times in US history, and allows us  to rethink both present and past. Black Reconstruction in America,  W.E.B. DuBois.  After slavery, there was Reconstruction. Or, at least, an attempt at Reconstruction. This, too, was a time of doublethink, doublespeak, and a rising nativism. DuBoiss work is scholarship, but  it too encourages us to think through other possibilities. DuBoiss clear-eyed magnum opus was hardly appreciated in its time, and still stands as a great work of regular, good, decent  fact facts. Underground Railroad, Colson Whitehead.  This brilliant book, published just last year, is a brilliant full-frontal look at American history that doesnt subscribe to the Manifest Destiny, up-by-our-bootstraps, forward-march approach of most American narratives. Instead of taking us forward in time, as though things always improve when we head through time,  it takes us  around different parts of America in a Swiftian journey, many of which are rife with alt-fact-speak. Home,  Toni Morrison. This 2012 novel, by Americas only living Nobel-literature laureate, centers around Korean War veteran Frank Money, who brings Americas external war home with him. This is a novel about how we fail to  understand each other, and the limits of empathy. But its also about the tragedies we enact elsewhere, and how these stories, and these words, become part of Americas story. The Healing, Gayl Jones. Told through an African-American autodidact faith healer. Here, in the face of fascist alt-facts, there is magic, healing, self-healing, and belief.     Parable of the Talents  and  Parable of the Sower,  Octavia Butler.  Seven Stories Press is re-issuing these two books, with gorgeous new covers, for obvious reasons. These are Butlers two books that show how America descends into MAGA madness, centered on  a Texas-bred presidential candidate who uses the slogan Make America Great Again (yes, really) as a siren call  to his movement toward populist-nativist-misogynist-racism. But  then, beautifully,  The Parable of the Sower  also shows  how the country finds its way out. Although there are no red hats emblazoned with MAGA, and a few other things depart from 2017, theres  plenty thats  familiar among the fantastic worlds of militias that act out their Christian-nativist fantasies and bring back slavery. But Butler is never a writer of defeat, and, when reading her very bleakest scenarios, the reader always knows there will be a  counterpoint of creation.

A Black History Month Reading List to Re-imagine Trumpspeak America

A Black History Month Reading List to Re-imagine Trumpspeak America In an era of doublespeak, George Orwells 1984  has found new appeal for US readers. In response to White House alt-facts, readers  have reportedly flocked to  Orwells dystopic analysis of the perils of  Stalinism, set in a parallel post-WWII  Britain. Orwells book certainly has wide  appeal. Beyond its literary charms, it gives us a view on why people like us  fall in line with a  suffocating, autocratic system. Beyond 1984,  a number of  authors and book lovers have come up with more lists of what to read  in an era of Trumpspeak. Yet most of the listed works about fascist futures, resistance reading, and Trumptopias have been made up of  works by white writers. The current turn towards  militarist-laissez-faire nativism in the US surely borrows a good deal from  the KKK and  other anti-Reconstruction forces. Americas great black writers arent the only ones writing about these forces. But the seven books below are some of the greatest works grappling with a made-in-America doublefact. They aso show not just a catastropic collapse, but in the cracks other, better possibilities. The seven: Kindred, Octavia Butler.  If were going to talk about American doublespeak, we should certainly talk about establishing a land of the free in a nation where slavery was law. Kindred  takes place largely in the nineteenth-century slaveholding South.  But, through a bit of Butlerian magic, it also takes place in the 1970s, as its a mixed-race couple who is thrown back into the heart of American slavery. The novel  threads together disparate times in US history, and allows us  to rethink both present and past. Black Reconstruction in America,  W.E.B. DuBois.  After slavery, there was Reconstruction. Or, at least, an attempt at Reconstruction. This, too, was a time of doublethink, doublespeak, and a rising nativism. DuBoiss work is scholarship, but  it too encourages us to think through other possibilities. DuBoiss clear-eyed magnum opus was hardly appreciated in its time, and still stands as a great work of regular, good, decent  fact facts. Underground Railroad, Colson Whitehead.  This brilliant book, published just last year, is a brilliant full-frontal look at American history that doesnt subscribe to the Manifest Destiny, up-by-our-bootstraps, forward-march approach of most American narratives. Instead of taking us forward in time, as though things always improve when we head through time,  it takes us  around different parts of America in a Swiftian journey, many of which are rife with alt-fact-speak. Home,  Toni Morrison. This 2012 novel, by Americas only living Nobel-literature laureate, centers around Korean War veteran Frank Money, who brings Americas external war home with him. This is a novel about how we fail to  understand each other, and the limits of empathy. But its also about the tragedies we enact elsewhere, and how these stories, and these words, become part of Americas story. The Healing, Gayl Jones. Told through an African-American autodidact faith healer. Here, in the face of fascist alt-facts, there is magic, healing, self-healing, and belief.     Parable of the Talents  and  Parable of the Sower,  Octavia Butler.  Seven Stories Press is re-issuing these two books, with gorgeous new covers, for obvious reasons. These are Butlers two books that show how America descends into MAGA madness, centered on  a Texas-bred presidential candidate who uses the slogan Make America Great Again (yes, really) as a siren call  to his movement toward populist-nativist-misogynist-racism. But  then, beautifully,  The Parable of the Sower  also shows  how the country finds its way out. Although there are no red hats emblazoned with MAGA, and a few other things depart from 2017, theres  plenty thats  familiar among the fantastic worlds of militias that act out their Christian-nativist fantasies and bring back slavery. But Butler is never a writer of defeat, and, when reading her very bleakest scenarios, the reader always knows there will be a  counterpoint of creation.

Dont Make Any Assumptions Presumed Consent is Not an Ethical System for Organ Donation - Free Essay Example

With the rapid advance of scientific technologies, it seems like there is truly nothing medicine cant cure. Yet, 114,927 Americans are at risk of death from organ failure. This is not because of lagging medical advancement nor gaps in scientific knowledge. This staggering statistic is a result of the severe organ shortage in the United States. Due to the organ shortage, approximately 20 people die each day waiting for a vital organ transplant operation. The organ shortage crisis is a national and global phenomenon. The most frequently proposed solution to increase organ donation rates in the United States is to adopt a system of presumed consent for organ donation. In the status-quo, America operates under a system of explicit consent. Under this system, individuals wishing to donate organs posthumously must explicitly document this consent by registering as an organ donor. Individuals have the opportunity to give consent for organ donation whenever registering for an official government document, such as a state ID. A presumed consent paradigm essentially inverts this process. All individuals are assumed to consent to organ donation unless they register an explicit refusal with the state. This opt-out system is the modus operandi in many European countries, and is utilized on the state level for corneal donations. Calls for adoption of a presumed consent model maintain that the system empirically increases donation rates. In a study that compared organ donation rates among 13 presumed consent countries and 9 explicit consent countries, it was concluded that there is a 25-30% higher rate of donation for presumed consent countries. Opt-out syste ms have been adopted in Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Israel, Italy, Poland, Spain, and Sweden, among a number of other European nations, which all have higher organ donation rates compared to the U.S. and other opt-in nations. The correlation between presumed consent and higher rates of organ donation would suggest a pragmatic approach; the United States ought to adopt a presumed consent system to rectify the organ shortage crisis. However, pragmatism should never be the sole concern guiding policy actions. Policy proposals are incomplete without thorough analyses of the ethical implications of the given policy. In this paper, I will evaluate presumed consent under a number of ethical frameworks: Utilitarianism, Virtue Ethics, Deontology, and Bioethics (which incorporates professional values). Based on these analyses, I conclude that presumed consent is unethical under most moral frameworks. Ultimately, my rejection of presumed consent stems from a bioethics framework, which I argue is most appropriate given that it addresses the nuances of medicine, patient autonomy, and the healthcare system. Finally, I conclude that to ameliorate current issues with organ shortages, alternative approaches, such as a mandate choice present a promising and ethical way to increase donation levels. Prior to evaluating the morality of presumed consent, it is necessary to consider who the stakeholders are in organ donation. Three principle agents are ethically implicated: the organ donor, the organ recipient, and medical professionals involved in the transplantation. The way that each group is specifically regarded somewhat depends on the applied ethical framework. For instance, Utilitarianism places the heaviest emphasis on the effects of donation on the recipient. Since recipients are the only individuals concretely impacted by the act of donation, the net effect on their utility is evaluated. Dissimilarly, Virtue Ethics considers the donor to be the most relevant moral agent. Virtue Ethics seeks to evaluate whether the action of donation is a virtuous one, and whether this virtue is best encouraged by an opt-in or opt-out system. Deontology treats the medical professional as the relevant agent, primarily in relation to the deceased. Finally, bioethics attempts to balance the s imultaneous ethical obligations of the physician to the deceased and to the recipient. I will first start the ethical examination of presumed consent by analyzing the system under a Utilitarian lens. Utilitarianism is a type of Consequentialism initially developed by Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mills. Utilitarianism defines moral actions as those that maximize well-being or pleasure. There are generally two formulations of Utilitarianismâ€Å"â€Å"Act Utilitarianism, and Rule Utilitarianism. Both provide a normative calculus, but are applied differently. Act Utilitarianism considers particular actions and determines whether the act in question maximizes utility in that particular scenario. In contrast, Rule Utilitarianism prescribes sets of behaviors that, when followed, culminate in an optimific outcome. Accordingly, Rule Utilitarianism is most consistent with policy makingâ€Å"â€Å"which mandates uniform actionâ€Å"â€Å" and therefore can be best applied to evaluate the system of presumed consent. Rule Utilitarianism unequivocally supports a system of opt-out donation. The first factor to consider is how the policy affects overall donation rates. To predict the impact of an opt-out policy, one can refer to the consequences of previous implementations. Studies evaluating these implementations point to a 25-30% increase in organ donation rates. This evidence-based evaluation indicates that presumed consent systems are optimific as they maximize the number of lives that can be saved by reducing the organ shortage. Furthermore, under Utilitarianism, there is no loss to overall utility by adopting presumed consent. Since the deceased cannot experience the consequences of actions, anything done to the deceased would be morally neutral under Utilitarianism. Thus, an initial analysis of presumed consent organ donation under Utilitarianism would indicate that it is ethically permissible. An interesting and significant objection to Presumed Consent organ donation derives from Mills conception of individual autonomy.

Black Social, Intellectual, And Political Boundaries

Pan-Africanism signifies the difficulties of black social, intellectual, and political notions over a two hundred year span. What establishes Pan-Africanism, on the basic level, is the unity of Africans worldwide. Pan-Africanists believe that the African people in its entirety, which includes the Diaspora and the African continent, does not just share common beginnings but also a common destiny. (Asante, 1976, p. 97) This ideology of an intertwined past and future of all the African people has however took many forms, as different thinkers feel that there are different methods in achieving African unity. Three great thinkers, W.E.B. Dubois, Marcus Garvey, and Malcolm X, were all leaders of their own Pan-African movement which each contained their own element in achieving Pan-Africanism. DuBois took a more academic stance which included the utilization of the elites, whereas Garvey and Malcolm X were more so grassroots organizers as they believed in the bottom-up decision making rathe r than top-down. To commence, Dr. William Edward Burghardt DuBois, better known as W.E.B. Dubois, is acknowledged as the â€Å"Father of Pan-Africanism.† (Esedebe, 1971, p. 84) One of DuBois first movement towards Pan-Africanism was his idea of the â€Å"Talented Tenth.† He felt that in order to save the Negro race it must be done by â€Å"exceptional men.† (Franklin, 2011, p. 301) Dubois believed that the development of the Negro race must be done through college education. This involved writing books,Show MoreRelatedClaude Mckay s Harlem Dancer And Ended Around 1929 Essay1535 Words   |  7 Pagesby, and about, Blacks. The Harlem Renaissance was a period of great intellectual expression as well as introspection (Bodenner). There were several key moments and individuals that made this era of time historical. African American artists rejected imitating the ideals of white Americans and championed black artistic expression on their own terms. They explored their own identities an d culture as well as exposing the larger public to their ideals. One of the main goals of the black writers and intellectualsRead MoreEconomic Anxiety And The Issue With Emancipation Essay1706 Words   |  7 Pagesleading up to the civil war. Economic, religious, and political justifications for slavery dominated much of the newspapers discussion, arriving from a wide array of viewpoints and sources. Franklin county’s newspaper before the civil war served as a forum of discussion for the quickly changing everyday life that the American people were experiencing. 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The history of Africa and its Diaspora was dismissed as insignificant at best, inexistent at worse. Black cultures were ridiculed, stereotyped, and scorned. So the concept of Negritude emerged as the expression of a revolt against the historical situation of French colonialism and racism. Negritude was both a literary and ideologicalRead MoreThe American Dream : Who Are You?1396 Words   |  6 Pageskey in today’s society. Knowing who you are, what you identify as, or your ancestral lineage speaks volumes about how an individual will be treated due to public perception. For example, America is a growing world power that has strong social, economic and political influence on the world stage. It is this status symbol that many Americans identify with, irrespective of race, gender or sexual orientation. 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Was The Reconstruction A Success Or A Failure Essay

Discuss Whether Reconstruction Was a Success or a Failure. Reconstruction is the period of rebuilding the south that succeeded the Civil War (1861-1865). This period of time is set by the question now what? The Union won the war and most of the south was destroyed. Devastation, buildings turned into crumbles and lost crops. The South was drowning in poverty. To worsen the situation there were thousands of ex-slaves that were set free by the Emancipation Proclamation and the 13 Amendment. All these ex-slaves, Dr. Susan Walens commented, and no place to put them, The ex-slaves werent just homeless but they had no rights, unlike white man. The government and congress had to solve the issues present in the south and the whole nation†¦show more content†¦This was working alright until President Johnson, who had preceded Lincoln, order all the land under federal control to be given back to whom they were taken from (Foner). This is a big setback for reconstruction and freed slaves. The Freedmen Bureau was the federal institution in control of those terrains given to blacks and now they had to take it back. Under the administration of O. O. Howard the bureau functions were to establish schools, provide aide to the poor and aged, settle disputes between whites and blacks and among freedpeople, and secure for former slave and white Unionist equal treatment before court, (Foner 483). The Bureau did not have enough agents to put in action the task appointed to it in the south. The Freedmen Bureau was dissolved after five years living the black man on its own. Something that President Johnson did to start the period of Reconstruction was to pardon all Confederates soldiers if they plead loyalty and alliance to the Union. No one was held accountable for what happened, one man was murder. Also he demanded that the states in the south abolish slavery and change their constitution in order to be accepted into the United States. Those were Andrew Johnson terms for Reconstructions. Not very efficient because it leaves all these defeated soldiers, filled with anger and violence in the streets. Then Congress tried to pass the Civil Rights bill and the 14th amendment whichShow MoreRelatedThe Reconstruction Era Was A Success1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe Reconstruction Era was a Success Shortly after the Civil War ended in 1867, President Abraham Lincoln’s new objective was to unify the union and the confederate states into what was formerly known as the United States of America. This time period is known as the Reconstruction Era, starting with the surrender of Robert E. Lee at Appomattox Court House in 1865 and ending with the implementation of the Compromise of 1877. The Reconstruction Era was a time period full of political, economicRead MoreReconstruction : The Failure Of Reconstruction From The Civil War1213 Words   |  5 PagesWar America entered period called â€Å"Reconstruction† to help mend America. One of the most debated things to come out of Reconstruction was on whether it was a success or a failure. Many believe it was a success due to the Southern states participating in the US government again and the freedom of slaves. Others believe it was a failure due to the repression of African rights and failures to protect them both phys ically and financially. Reconstruction was a failure because of the restrictions of AfricanRead MoreCauses Of Reconstruction829 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica was in a rough spot after the Civil War between the Union and the Confederates. The South had her lands destroyed and ravaged by the Union armies, and thousands of slaves were suddenly freed from slavery. It was a time where the Radical Republicans were gaining power. A time where change was coming. This change would be Reconstruction. Reconstructions purpose, in simplicity, was to bring the South back into the Union and to somehow integrate the freedmen. Abraham Lincoln and Andrew JohnsonRead MoreEssay on How the Failure of Reconstruction Impacted African Americans885 Words   |  4 Pagescountry was left in ruins, literally and figuratively. Dozens of towns in the South had been burned to the ground. Meanwhile, the relations between the North and South had crumbled to pieces. Something needed to be done so that the countr y could once again be the United States of America, not the Divided States of America. The years from 1865 to 1877 were a time of rebuilding – the broken communities and the broken relations. This time period was known as Reconstruction. Reconstruction was a failureRead MoreThe Reconstruction Essay925 Words   |  4 PagesThe Reconstruction Reconstruction is defined as the period following the Civil War in which the Republican-dominated Federal government sought to reunite the Union; the measure included drastically remodeling Southern society in order to secure equality and independence for blacks through granting them various freedoms. Many historians believe that in order to fully understand the modern United States, one must understand Reconstruction. Studying it, therefore, has beenRead MoreCh 16 Reconstructed1096 Words   |  5 Pages The second response was they would chose to become entirely independent to their masters. They would seek work in the city and began their new free lives. Often times they all struggled but they were now free. 2. Compare the economic conditions of the South with the economic conditions of the North during the period of Reconstruction. The economic conditions of the South compared to the North during the period of Reconstruction varied quite heavily. The South was limited in many ways afterRead MoreReconstruction: A Story of Limited Success Essay1613 Words   |  7 Pagesmovement was Reconstruction. Reconstruction was a violent period that defined the defeated South’s status in the Union and the meaning of freedom for ex-slaves. Though, like many things in life, it did come to an end, and the resulting outcome has been labeled both a success and a failure. When Reconstruction began in 1865, a broken America had just finished fighting the Civil War. In all respects, Reconstruction was a time period of â€Å"putting back the pieces†, as people say. It was the pointRead MoreMassive Changes During the Reconstruction Era of America817 Words   |  3 Pageschange was 1865 which was the time period known as Reconstruction. Reconstruction was a time period of many different leaders, different goals and different accomplishments. Many debate whether Reconstruction was a success or failure. Success is an event which accomplishes its intended purpose, which Reconstruction did, but during this process of accomplishment, evil came about. There was many good things that came from the Reconstruction era which leads me to believe that it was a success, theseRead MoreReconstruction After Civil War Essay1503 Words   |  7 PagesReconstruction Reconstruction was a period of time between 1865 and 1877, which was very complex and controversial. It refers to the actual rebuilding of the south physically, economically and politically from the damage of the Civil War. It was an effort to rebuild southern states and also to restore the Union. During this time period, the federal government passed a series of laws, acts and amendments to bring change. Many of these amendments guaranteed the equal rights to African-AmericansRead MoreThe Reconstruction After The Civil War977 Words   |  4 Pagesstart something new. One such movement was the Reconstruction. Reconstruction was a time period between 1865 and 1877 following the Civil War, during which people of the United States worked to put the country back together again, introducing a new set of significant challenges. Though, like all things in life, it did come to an end, the resulting outcome had been labeled both a success and a failure. The Reconstruction after the Civil War consisted of failures as well as successes. Despite having

Continuing Academic Success Essay - 1502 Words

Continuing Academic Success Francheska Masoller GEN/201 Foundations for University Success July-28, 2014 Ann Zomerfeld Continuing Academic Success It is a big step for someone who has been out of school for so long, to have the courage to begin the journey of higher education. Personally, it took me several years of contemplating if going back to school was the right move for me. I postponed it until I realized this was the only way I could provide my family with the life I’ve always dreamed of. I’ve came to realize that even though this will be a very challenging 4 years of my life, I will persevere as long as I keep my eyes on the price and stay motivated. There are many components to ensure success in my educational†¦show more content†¦Having a strong set of ethics prepares you with the tools you need to be a critical thinker and make proper decisions. Being aware of how you learn best is important as you want to use your time effectively and use platforms in which you know you will retain the information better. It is important to be able to reflect on our life and find ways of fixing what is not wor king effective. Learning is not just academic but also personal. Critical thinking is one of the main objectives in higher education. A critical thinker analyzes all options and makes an argument based on facts. To be a critical thinker you have to be able to look at different points of view openly and explore them as possibilities. You also have to able to think logically and analyze the information and find evidence to back it up. When all information is collected and analyzed, a critical thinker could create an argument with confidence. To become a better critical thinker I will work on mastering Benjamin Bloom’s taxonomy of learning which states that for maximize learning we need to master this 6 levels of thinking: knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. When I’m studying and going through course work I will keep this 3 levels in mind and will practice each level. The goal is to think all the way to level 6 which is creating an idea from the information learned. Mastering criticalShow MoreRela tedContinuing Academic Success1112 Words   |  5 Pages Continuing Academic Success Continuing Academic Success is extremely important to those who plan to make advancements in their chosen career fields. It provides the opportunity to keep current with ideas, techniques, and advancements that are being made in their area of employment. We will address the importance of setting achievable goals, the importance of learning styles in academic success and the validity of ethics and academic integrity in helping to achieve continuing academic and professionalRead MoreContinuing Academic Success1359 Words   |  6 PagesContinuing Academic Success Name GEN/201 Date Teacher Name Continuing Academic Success Achieving academic success is something that many individuals consider to be a challenging task. Some people even think that it might be too difficult to worry even about trying to achieve it. While attempting to reach your goal in obtaining academic success, you must meet your university’s expectations and guidelines to reach your goal of being awarded a degree. If you want to thrive in school, youRead MoreContinuing Academic Success1559 Words   |  7 PagesCONTINUING ACADEMIC SUCCESS Dale Ray Blackard GEN/201 5/23/2016 Laticia Dezell Continued Academic Success Continuing academic success opens opportunities for advancement and increases monetary value based upon transferred knowledge. Education promotes a person as a dedicated person that does the necessary actions to accomplish the personal preference of the goal desired. One who exemplifies this internal drive receives advancements in the work place. Promotions and added responsibilities areRead MoreContinuing Academic Success Essay1196 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Continuing Academic Success Alejandra Ruvalcaba General Education 12/13/14 Pete Medina â€Å"Continuing Education Success†, personally I never even thought about this nor about setting educational goals for myself, like obtaining a bachelors in criminal justice to achieve a good paying job. In this class I learned how important it is to make my education a priority so I do not get sidetracked by other things that are also important in my life. Setting educational goals for my academic success is aRead MoreContinuing Academic Success Essay1166 Words   |  5 Pages Continuing Academic Success Keyaria Tompkins GEN/201 September 22, 2014 Maureen Parker Continuing Academic Success Of course everyone wants to be successful! It takes 100% of effort and determination to be successful. Maintaining believable goals keeps you on track for the road of success. If you keep your goals in mind, you will not astray from them. Achieving goals that you have set for yourself is your responsibility. It is easy to get distracted from your academic goals,Read MoreContinuing Academic Success Essay1172 Words   |  5 PagesContinuing Academic Success When looking at continuing academic success one must make several critical decisions; chose if continuing going to school is the right choice for them. Most of the time when people come to that decision, they come to realize several things. That it is important to continue academic success because it helps you set goals for your academic success, helps you strengthen your learning style, and there are so many sources out there to help you succeed. When one makes thatRead MoreEssay about Continuing Academic Success1075 Words   |  5 PagesContinuing Academic Success GEN/201 â€Æ' Continuing Academic Success Achieving success is something that many consider to be difficult, sometimes too difficult to be worth even trying. But there are many tools and processes available to help people be successful. By knowing what these tools and processes are, students are able to achieve not only academic success, but also be successful in many other areas of their lives. Setting goals is an important step in achieving success. By recognizing yourRead MoreGen200 Continuing Academic Success Essay1253 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Academic Success xxxx University of Phoenix GEN200 – Foundations for General Education xxxx xxxx Academic Success Technology and industry is growing at an ever increasing rate, and each year there are new devices or concepts adopted by business wanting to be on the cutting edge. Workers and leaders also need to stay on the cutting edge as well if they desire to excel in their careers. Often, this means that the working adult will return to a learning environment to earn a certificationRead MoreCaress Alexander gen201 r2 using sources Essay758 Words   |  4 PagesSources Review the Continuing Academic Success assignment requirements from Week 5. Conduct research in the University Library to find at least three sources that are relevant for your Week 5 essay. Complete the following table for each source you have chosen. Include the original passage when you provide the summary, paraphrase, and quote. Source 1 Title of the article The influence of motivational orientations on academic achievement among working adults in continuing education Why did youRead MoreEssay about Academic Success1210 Words   |  5 PagesContinuing Academic Success Kasey E Marsh II Gen/200 3/1/2015 Susie Holiday Continuing Academic Success The end is near to my first class at the University of Phoenix. As I continue on with my education, I would like to have great academic success. Academic success can be achieved by being aware of one’s goals, the writing process and the importance of critical thinking skills. By knowing these things, I believe my academic success will be achievable. Goals Setting

Greek to Roman Architecture - 544 Words

When shown iconic pictures of the Parthenon and the Colosseum, most people automatically know which building is Greek and which is Roman, However, show them pictures of the Forum of Trajan, the Pantheon, or the Agora, and they will be flipping coins trying to guess which is Roman architecture and which is Greek architecture. It is one thing being able to identify which building belongs to which civilization, it another being able to distinguish the subtle style changes within each mega structure. Very similar to a textbook and essay, Greek architecture is like a textbook, and the Romans used the textbook to write an essay. Although not completely copied or â€Å"plagiarized† the foundation of Roman architecture is founded on Greek architecture. With the help of the Etruscan and Roman ingenuity, the Romans were able to take Greek architecture to a whole new level and call it Roman architecture. Greek architecture has been commonly looked at as the building of democracy, often t ime people associate the post-and-lintel building element with the Greeks. However, the Romans used post-and-lintel system in their architecture too. One of the ways of distinguishing which building belongs to which civilization, is simply looking at the style of columns used. There are three post-and-lintel styles, Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. The Greeks mainly used Doric and Ionic columns in their architecture. â€Å"The Parthenon is often viewed as the embodiment of Classical Doric architecture† (97). TheShow MoreRelatedRoman Architecture : Greek Architecture1345 Words   |  6 PagesRoman architecture was a very large part of Roman culture. Architecture in Rome was not solely created by the Romans, but was influenced greatly by other cultures such as the Greeks and the Etruscans.This is demonstrated by the examples of other civilization’s architecture within the Roman Empire.The combination of the cultures led to new types and styles of architecture, helping to c reate a style of Roman architecture which showed influences of Greece and the Etruscans. Roman architecture has itsRead MoreHistory Of Roman And Greek Architecture1518 Words   |  7 PagesRoman and Greek architecture is something to be revered. It is fascinating that people lacking the advanced technology we have today could create monuments of such magnitude and perfection. Commonly, these temples were built to worship and honor deities, and so they must be built pristine. Although the Romans sometimes cut corners when it came to materials in order to remain economic, they definitely didn’t cut any when it came to scale and appearance. Many early civilizations recycled styles andRead MoreThe Influence of the Greeks and Romans on Architecture894 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction â€Å"Architecture should speak of its time and place, but yearn for timelessness.† (Gehry, 2012). What Frank Gehry was trying to say in simple terms was our culture cannot do without proper appreciation of its classical roots and it goes without saying that the Romans and Greeks have influenced art and architecture with its classical style in a number of different ways. Allow me to give a definition for the word classical. â€Å"Classical† refers to any art or architecture modelled after ancientRead MoreAncient Greek And Roman Architecture Essay1972 Words   |  8 Pagesmain similarities and differences associated with ancient Greek and Roman architecture. This paper will venture to distinguish the physical and integral differences between ancient Roman and Greek architecture. It will also determine the similarities associated with these two variations of ancient architecture. In addition, this paper will explain why and how these forms of architecture are still relev ant in today’s society. Ancient architecture is not just a thing of the past; it’s more prevalent inRead MoreAncient Roman And Greek Architecture1275 Words   |  6 PagesModern Architecture around the globe had been influenced by ancient Roman and Greek architectural. Although both ancient Romans and Greeks are recognized for their innovations in architecture having both constructed a variety of buildings and structures that can still be appreciated today, they appear to have concentrated mostly on the creation of temples which at first sight seem similar but in reality they each diverged and had their own identity and served for different purposes. Ancient Greek andRead MoreComparing Greek and Roman Architecture Essay782 Words   |  4 PagesWhen comparing Greek and Roman architecture and design we see many similarities as well as differences. Greek culture and society came into fruition roughly 1250 years before the rise of the Roman Empire and Roman artisans were strongly inï ¬â€šuenced by their Greek predecessors. However, the Greeks were not without their own inï ¬â€šuences. Egyptian building styles and art were reï ¬ ned by the Greeks as seen in their use of column and lintel construction. It is notable that inï ¬â€šuence from Persia and the AncientRead More Greek and Roman Architecture Essay example1107 Words   |  5 PagesGreek and Roman Architecture Greek and Roman architecture is truly amazing. They each had great ideas, and fabulous productions. It is said that the Pantheon is to Italy what the Parthenon is to Greece. Both are tremendous monuments that reek of culture and history. Each had a purpose which was displayed by the design and construction of each. There are such great meanings behind each of these architecural structures. The Romans and the Greeks alike worshipped and dedicated their structuresRead MoreComparing Ancient Greek and Ancient Roman Architecture Essay1132 Words   |  5 PagesMinoans. The Minoans built the foundation of Greece. The Roman Empire was founded around 753 B.C. by the two twins, Romulus and Remus. Romulus ended up killing Remus and built the city of Rome on one of seven rolling hills. Architecture was very important to both civilizations and they were always trying to out due the other. The architectural style of the Ancient Greeks and Romans was overall constructed and used differently. The ancient Greeks developed a system of orders which were known as columnsRead MoreWhat Did Greek Architecture Influence Roman Temples? Essay2188 Words   |  9 PagesDid Greek Architecture Influence Roman Temples Pengnanxi Wang Registration No: 150152532 Of all arts, Roman architecture were the most remarkable and original. Roman architecture took shape in a world that was already dominated both by the substance and idea of Greek achievement. Yet the relationship between Ancient Greek and Rome was not simply one of master to pupil, other cultures were involved as well such as the Etruscan civilization. Undoubtedly Ancient Greek and Etruscan architecture playedRead MoreGreek And Roman Ideas778 Words   |  4 Pages Greek and Roman Ideals When considering the ancient Greek and Roman ideals you can see the distinct similarities in their art, government, monotheism, and architecture. The Romans duplicated many of the Greek styles and modified them to suit their lifestyles. Greece and Rome influences can be seen in art today with the use of concepts, techniques, and styles that were founded by the Greek classical ideal. These include techniques for carving sculptures and the construction of massive metropolitan

The Epidemic Of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever - 1893 Words

Introduction Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a severe and often deadly illness named after a river in the Democratic Republic of Congo (formerly Zaà ¯re) where it was ï ¬ rst identiï ¬ ed in 1976 with a high case fatality rate lying between 50 and 90%. Outbreaks between 1972 and 2007 are shown in Table 1. The disease ï ¬ rst came into the limelight in 1976 in Zaà ¯re and Sudan in 1976 [17]. Its origin is still unknown and it is widely believed that Ebola virus is transmitted to humans from discrete life cycles in animals or insects, but regardless of the original source. Person-to-person transmission is the means by which Ebola outbreaks and epidemics progress. Bioterrorism threats as well as emergence of new pandemic and drug-resistant variants of known infections require development of the tools that would adequately predict occurrence of epidemics, assess efficiency of countermeasures, and optimize the efforts directed towards provision of biological safety. Mathematical modeling has emerged as an important tool for gaining understanding of the dynamics of the spread of infectious diseases. The need of accurate models describing the epidemic process are vital, because infectious diseases outbreaks disturb the host population and has ï ¬ nancial and health consequences. There is also the need to use sound statistical analysis methods to test the ï ¬ t of such models to observed data to account for uncertainties by means of probabilistic models. The optimization of the control of anShow MoreRelatedEbola Essay851 Words   |  4 PagesEbola Impact on Human Health amp; Hygiene Essay Historically Ebola has had a serious impact on human health and hygiene and still does due to the fact of no vaccine or treatment being discovered, but thanks to improvements in scientific and medical knowledge the virus itself is now controllable. Ebola is the virus Ebolavirus (EBOV), a viral genus, and the disease Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF), a viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF). The virus is named after the Ebola River Valley in the DemocraticRead MoreEbola: More Research is Needed To Find a Cure Essay899 Words   |  4 PagesEbola Hemorrhagic Fever is a severe and often deadly illness that occurs in humans and primates. Ebola viruses are members of the filovirus family. The Ebola virus causes the infection of this disease. There are four subtypes of the Ebola virus that have occurred in humans: Ebola Sudan, Ebola Zaire, Ebola Ivory Coast, and Ebola Bundibogyo. There was also a case of Ebola that occurred in a non-human in Reston, Virginia. The Zaire virus was the first Ebola virus discovered and it is also consideredRead MoreThe Ebola Virus1631 Words   |  7 PagesThe Ebola Virus A virus is an ultramicroscopic infectious organism that, having no independent metabolic activity, can replicate only within a cell of another host organism. A virus consists of a core of nucleic acid, either RNA or DNA, surrounded by a coating of antigenic protein and sometimes a lipid layer surrounds it as well. The virus provides the genetic code for replication, and the host cell provides the necessary energy and raw materials. There are more than 200 viruses thatRead MoreThe Ebola Virus Essay1307 Words   |  6 PagesDisease name Ebola hemorrhagic fever (Ebola HF) Four identified subtypes of Ebola: (4)  · Ebola-Zaire, Ebola-Sudan, Ebola-Ivory Coast (cause disease in humans)  · Ebola-Reston (cause disease in non-human primates only) Means of Transmission Person-to-person transmission Direct contact of blood, secretions, semen, vomit, diarrhea (1) or organs of infected person Sexually transmitted - â€Å"Transmission through semen may occur up to 7 weeks after clinical recovery, asRead MoreEssay about Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever1267 Words   |  6 PagesEbola Hemorrhagic Fever Ebola hemorrhagic fever (Ebola HF) is a severe, often-fatal disease in humans and nonhuman primates (monkeys and chimpanzees) that has appeared sporadically since its initial recognition in 1976. The disease is caused by infection with Ebola virus, named after a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire) in Africa, where it was first recognized. The virus is one of two members of a family of RNA viruses called the Filoviridae. Three ofRead MoreEbola Virus Disease : History, Transmission Pathogenesis951 Words   |  4 PagesEbola Virus Disease: History, Transmission Pathogenesis The Ebola virus disease (EVD) was initially discovered in 1976; which originated from the Ebola River Valley in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). EVD is a severe, often fatal disease affecting humans, and nonhuman primates. Outbreaks occur in Africa affecting mostly the central and western portions of the continent. Formerly known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, but the recent outbreak illustrates viruses’ ability to manifest itself withoutRead MoreEbola Virus Is An Infectious Organism1515 Words   |  7 PagesEbola is one of the deadliest viruses known to mankind! Ebola was originally named Ebola hemorrhagic fever due to its hemorrhagic nature. It is a rare but deadly disease caused by infection from an Ebola virus vector. Ebola can be contracted by humans and nonhumans such as monkeys, gorillas, and chimpanzees. The Ebola virus has been detected in blood and many body fluids, including: saliva, mucus, vomit, feces, sweat, tears, breast milk, urine, semen, and vaginal flu ids (Willett 16). Ebola can lingerRead MoreOutbreak of Ebola792 Words   |  3 PagesEbola was first recognized in 1976 as the cause of outbreaks of disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (then known as Zaire) and in Sudan. About three hundred people in each of the two nations were infected with the virus, resulting in a mortality rate of 88% in Zaire, and 53% in Sudan (Bulletin of the WHO 1978). The disease as it was discovered spread through direct contact of unmans to humans, and then thought, from non-human primates to humans. The epidemic was a result of unsafe andRead MoreEbola Outbreak Of West Africa1655 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In the late 1970s, the international community was alarmed by the discovery of the Ebola virus. (Schwarz and Siegl, 1996) It was the ‘causative agent’ (Peters and Peters, 2015) of EHF (Ebola hemorrhagic fever). Ebola stems from a virus family know as Filoviridae. The virus targets various parts of the body causing a critical sickness of fever, diarrhoea, vomiting and in severe cases bleeding. However, infections do not always lead to death. ‘In previous outbreaks, 40-90% of known infectionsRead MoreThe Ebola Virus Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pages In the year 1976, Ebola climbed out of its unknown hiding place, and caused the death of 340 people. Fear gripped the victims faces, and uncertainty tortured their minds. The people of Zaire waited outside clinics, churches and in their homes for a treatment of the horrible disease, but there was no cure. They were forced to watch people die, hoping that they would be saved from the violent death of the Ebola virus. From the year of 1976 to the present date of 1996, researchers have searched for

Small Businesses Sole Proprietorships

Question: Discuss about theSmall Businessesfor Sole Proprietorships. Answer: Introduction This assignment seeks to analyze the article related to the nature of small businesses, how they operate, current trends as well as the various challenges and barriers they face in the global markets. SMEs are described as privately owned corporations, partnerships or sole proprietorships with less than nine employees and have less annual revenue as compared to regular sized businesses or corporations (Thornton, 2011). Examples of small businesses are service or retail shops, convenience stores, restaurants, and small grocery stores. Challenges Facing Small Businesses Even though some small businesses manage to stand and move against all the odds, they are faced with several challenges, most of which lead to business failures and eventual collapse. Among these challenges are susceptibility to internal power wrangles, planning problems, cash-flow concerns, excessive regulatory barriers and the inability to evaluate the businesses. Businesses that are run by the family have many conflicts and large extents of friction between employees since employees find it easy to criticize and despise their bosses who happen to be their kin. They tend to be lazy since the business is theirs to run and there is less or no risk of being dismissed (Baker, 2011). Small businesses are left behind as far as succession planning is concerned. Very few of these businesses have formal succession plans. They also lack access to funding which is necessary for proper growth since it is difficult for them to access the various loan facilities and grants offered by financial lending institutions. It is also difficult for them to attract investors who can boost the businesses due to their small operation scales. SMEs struggle so much at the hands of regulatory authorities that they consider the best option is to close down rather than push through the challenges posed by regulations (Johnson, 2007). Apart from that, they have been found to shy away from processes that head towards the direction of global expansion. This is because they cannot manage to hire qualified professionals to train and take them through the strategies needed to excel in international markets. Research Problem The researcher has adequately formulated the research problem. The main here was to give us a brief overview of how small businesses, particularly in Europe and Russia, operate as well as the challenges they face. It has further discussed the number of small firms that have been opened, the parliamentary systems surrounding them and the influenced caused by bureaucratic systems on the life of the small businesses. The concept of the number of employed people without employees is also analyzed alongside the problems of corruption and unemployment. It has described that small businesses play a significant role in the economy and social life of people. Unemployment levels are rising alongside inflationary pressures. Regulatory and legislative procedures are mostly hindering many small businesses desire to expand and operate at higher levels. It has lastly described how corruption has established its roots and is, therefore, becoming a significant challenge for small businesses and shows how the economy of the corrupt nations is suffering. Objectives of the Study The researcher has clearly stated the objectives of the survey. The intention was to examine global issues surrounding small businesses in various countries. The questions about corruption, unemployment, legislative processes, and bureaucratic processes have been explained. The main problem here is to make readers understand the factors that can modify the life of small companies which translates to the conclusion that all the factors mentioned above should be thoroughly analyzed to forecast how the economy could change as well as the resolutions that can improve the lives of small businesses. The researcher has provided data that contains percentages, figures, references as well as graphs to adequately analyze the major topics of concern. This is in conformation to the scientific requirements. Small Businesses and Decentralization of Economic Power Decentralization is used in this case to denote the process of redistributing market operations of the businesses across various regions away from the central powers of one big business (Ezcurra, 2011). The researcher suggests that in a given urban area, there are a lot of goods and services that must be provided to consumers but leaving one large company to meet the demands will not be effective. There is a claim that if it happens that way, then it gives monopoly powers to the big businesses that raise prices and leads to exploitation of consumers. It is, therefore, wise enough to allow many companies to operate in that area which brings competition and thus leads to the right prices and quality of goods and services offered (Wales, 2011). Indices of Euro Stat It was noted that the number of closed small businesses decreased by 8533 companies in Spain from 2009 to 2012. 72740 fewer companies were closing down in the United Kingdom in 2012. In France, 20% fewer companies closed. Romania experienced a decrease of -84%. Latvia and Lithuania registered -52% and -76% decrease respectively. Implication It can be affirmed that the governments are working hard in their attempts to eliminate economic crisis. I can further learn that the fundamental aim of small businesses is to decrease unemployment or maintain it where it is. The disparity between the poor and the rich can also be reduced here when small businesses flourish. Conclusion The paper has adequately analyzed the concept of small business operations, factors surrounding them, the challenges facing them as well as the various strategies that can be helpful in improving the life of such firms that aim at reducing unemployment and poverty levels. References Baker, W. E., Sinkula, J. M. (2009). The complementary effects of market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation on profitability in small businesses. Journal of Small Business Management, 47(4), 443-464. Bates, T., Jackson, W. E., Johnson, J. H. (2007). Introduction: Advancing research on minority entrepreneurship. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 613, 10-17. Glenn Richey Jr, R., Haozhe Chen, Rahul Upreti, Stanley E. Fawcett, and Frank G. Adams. "The moderating role of barriers on the relationship between drivers to supply chain integration and firm performance." International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management 39, no. 10 (2009): 826-840. Rodrguez-Pose, A., Ezcurra, R. (2011). Is fiscal decentralization harmful for economic growth? Evidence from the OECD countries. Journal of Economic Geography, 11(4), 619-643. Thornton, P. H., Ribeiro-Soriano, D., Urbano, D. (2011). Socio-cultural factors and entrepreneurial activity: An overview. International small business journal, 0266242610391930. Wales, W. J., Gupta, V. K., Mousa, F. T. (2011). Empirical research on entrepreneurial orientation: An assessment and suggestions for future research. International small business Journal, 0266242611418261.

The Six Day War free essay sample

The Six Day War as it became known was the third conflict between Israel and Arab nations. It was essentially a continuation of the first two conflicts as they were never really resolved. As it is the causes of the Six Day war were the same as earlier, Arab disdain for Israel’s existence. The Six Day war would be caused by this general rule and the fact as hostilities heightened, Egypt would cut off Israel’s shipping routes, cutting supply of oil from Iran. More specifically Egypt has expelled United Nations troops from the Sinai Peninsula and blockaded Israel’s port of Eliat, which by international law was an act of war. These events along with misguided Soviet information and calls from Arab leaders to destroy Israel would lead to the Six Day War. In the spring of 1967, tensions amongst the Arab nations and Israel were on high alert, as terrorist raids against Israel coming from Syria. We will write a custom essay sample on The Six Day War or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Israel grew tired of these raids, as they were aimed at its infrastructure, so in response to the raids by Syrian forces it placed armored tractors in the demilitarized zones, which as the plan goes would wait to be fired upon and hit, then they had cause to fire back. The Israeli plan would go into effect and as a result the hostilities would heighten as Israel would shoot down several Syrian planes, while the Palestinian fighters would plant mines along Israel’s border with Syria, Jordan and Lebanon (Oren 2002). As tensions mounted between Israel and the Arab nations, Soviet meddling would come into play. On May 15, Anwar Sadat, the Speaker of the National Assembly would visit Moscow, where he would be told by the Soviets that Israel had planned to invade Syria during the May 16 through May 22 time frame, all of this would prove to be false. Soviet intelligence cited the fact that Israeli troops parading in western Jerusalem, for Israel’s Independence Day, were doing so without heavy weapons, which they said were being amassed along the northern border with Syria. The reason as it turns out they were devoid of weaponry during their parades is to ease Arab tensions in the area. Sadat would pass this information along to Egypt and President Nasser, who would then parade Egypt’s forces through Cairo along its way to the Sinai Peninsula (Cleveland, 2009). On May 14, evidence that disputed Soviet information of an Israeli troop buildup along its Northern border with Syria would be ignored. Gen. Muhammed Fawzi, would tour the area reportedly rife with Israeli troops, only to find none, These findings would be confirmed by the head of Egyptian intelligence, the CIA and U. S. embassy in Cairo, but would be ignored by Nasser and his buildup of troops would continue (www. sixdaywar. org,2010). Israel would put its troops on alert, but sent its diplomats in to service, trying to avert war, or at least showing that they were not interested in a war. But to no avail as Egyptian and Palestinian forces would triple in the days between May 14 and 16th on the Sinai Peninsula (Oren, 2002). After the troop buildup, Egypt would evict UN Forces that been deployed to try and avert a war between Israel and Egypt. On May 16th presented the United Nations Emergency Force a demand to withdraw from key locations, so UN Secretary General U Thant decided to withdraw all UN forces. The final straw would come on May 22, as Egypt blocked the Strait of Tiran to Israeli shipping, which is an act of war under international law. This decision set of the Arab war, Lebanon, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia would all activate their armies. While the Arab nations were preparing for war, Israel was still trying to appeal for a diplomatic solution and for other nations to become involved (Cleveland, 2009). After the many attempts at diplomacy, most through back channel discussion with the U. S. , Israel voted on June 4, 1967, by a Cabinet vote of 12-2 to go to war, which would begin early the next morning, June, 1967. By its name the war only lasted six days, Israel launched a preemptive strike against the Egyptian army and crippled the Egyptian air force and routed the armies in Gaza and on the Sinai Peninsula. After three days of fierce fighting Israel would also defeat Jordanian forces and would deal a decisive blow to Syria on June 9, Syria had proposed a cease fire on that day but Israel would accept it the next day, as they didn’t want the Syrians remaining in the Golan Heights, where they had attacked Israel for so long and on June 10, 1967 a cease fire was observed by Israel, six days after the war began (Oren, 2002). The immediate aftermath of the war was one of diplomacy, or so Israel would have thought after their resounding defeat of the Arab nations. The rapid defeat of the Arab nations would damage the national pride of the Arab nations and increased the Palestinian refugee problems , as hundreds of thousands would flee the Israeli controlled West Bank area, and would heavily influence the policies of their now new nations. The new borders established by Israel after the war are the reason that the region is still in conflict today.

Sample Compare Essay in MLA Format for Sixth Graders

Sample Compare Essay in MLA Format for Sixth GradersMost fourth, fifth and sixth graders are accustomed to having an additional course within the conventional curriculum that they might need to have studied in order to satisfy the general education requirements. However, when considering a sample compare contrast essay in MLA format for sixth graders, it's important to keep certain aspects in mind.If your child is currently in the eleventh grade, it's imperative that you find a large variety of essay topics. For example, he or she might be choosing between some of the topics listed below, or even more.Many local school board organizations, if not all, provide extensive materials to assist their district in this regard. As a parent, you can request such programs, which are often available online, as well as at various local libraries. Be sure to request such materials from your own school.Students are sometimes presented with basic algebra problems during regular classes. In addition, it's a good idea to present students with at least one advanced math class, either in an eleventh or twelfth grade English class. Consider incorporating advanced math into any of your literature and history or social studies classes.Mature students are typically more proficient in math than younger students, and may be additionally interested in taking a literature or social studies class. Of course, such a class will require more study time in order to achieve sufficient results, but again, it may be advantageous to have students taking math and writing on the same assignment.A sample compare contrast essay in MLA format for sixth graders can also be designed in Texas High School Curriculum. Most high schools will have a similar program, which includes an optional pre-algebra class as well as a standard math class. Obviously, the pre-algebra class would be more focused on the subject matter of the beginning algebra.If your child is presently enrolled in an eleventh grade English c lass, an MLA format for sixth graders can make your choice more appealing. Then again, if your child is presently enrolled in a sixth grade course in an English class, you might consider giving him or her a grammar writing assignment in an English literature class. Again, remember to ask your high school instructor about any writing assignments in English literature or other English language classes.

The Prince Essays (969 words) - Machiavellianism,

The Prince Governing countries and states properly has been a difficult task from the beginning of time. In every country there will be people to who are unhappy and will disagree with your rule, causing your system to fail. So, century after century, people have tried new ways to make their politics suffice everyone's needs. However, the art of politics is a complicated and challenging issue that will always be needed to be dealt with. There have been many ways in which people have preached their ideas on politics, but none were better than those of Niccolo Machiavelli. Born in 1469, Niccolo was adamant in creating a master plan for seizing and controlling power. He voiced these themes on what it takes to be a prince of a state in his magnificent book, The Prince. In his book many themes were expressed in order to fulfill the role of a prince. These themes ranged from human nature to military force and most importantly virtue. Machavelli believed that the state is the highest achievement of man and one should love the state more than his own soul. Being the perfect prince is clearly a difficult task, but if done correctly, it can be very rewarding. Machiavelli also believed that human nature does not change. In general Machiavelli thought people were ungrateful, selfish, and insincere people, who only care about themselves. Therefore the government must take account for man's true nature and use his qualities for its purposes. Machiavelli also explained that a ruler who intends to be successful must be prepared to do bad things when necessary. He must sometimes caress, sometimes hurt, sometimes forgive, and sometimes punish. This requirement must override all moral judgments, and when making the decision, the ruler must act without hesitation. Hesitation would project ?false wisdom?. Another, and probably the most important concept of political success is the idea of virtue. Virtue means strength, intelligence, and courage, the necessary qualities of any human being. Machiavelli felt that the quality of virtue was found in some of the world's most important leaders; Moses, Cyrus, and Romulus to name a few. Governments ruled by an individual depends upon this leaders virtue. Without it, the political success will crumble. Aside from virtue there is fortune or fate as we sometimes put it. Although Machiavelli feels that the quality of virtue is necessary for a states success, chance or luck also has an affect. He feels that in life no matter how much intelligence and strength you have, there is a part of life in which you have little or no control over. Virtue being a powerful quality, Machiavelli saw its potential to build a defense against fortune. However, fortune is inconsistent and variable so, you must treat it like a woman. Machiavelli states, and I quote, ?fortune is woman, and it is necessary, if you wish to master her, to conquer her by force?. His point is that when you encounter fortune, you must approach it aggressively. Machiavelli said that the ruler must be able to imitate both the lion and the fox. He is saying that the qualities of a ruler must show the bravery and strength of a lion, but also, the slyness of the fox. These characteristics are imperative for a new ruler especially. That way he can get the respect from the people right away. An example of one ruler who showed both the qualities of a lion and a fox was Septimus Serverus, a Roman emperor from 193-211 A.D. Another quality of a ruler should be that he is both loved and feared. In actuality, it is almost impossible to be both those, so it is better to be feared. Love can lose effectiveness because of human nature. When something conflicts, love can easily be overcome for one's own private interests. And fear on the other hand is maintained by the dread of punishment, which is always present. Machiavelli made it very clear why it is better to be feared than loved. Another quality of a prince is that it is better to be considered merciful than cruel, but mercy must never be misused. Machiavelli declared that the art of war was the subject of most importance to the ruler. A prince can be attacked in two ways: internally, by conspiracies, and externally, by enemies. A prince can defend himself from external attacks by having good armed forces and good friends. He can defend himself from conspiracies by avoiding hatred. Machiavelli also stated that no prince should disarm his subjects

The eNotes Blog Explaining the Kindle toDickens

Explaining the Kindle toDickens Recently, Rachel Walsh, an illustration student at the Cardiff School of Art and Design, was given the following project: Explain something modern/internet based to someone who lived and died before 1900. Cardiff chose the Kindle and to explain it to Charles Dickens. She took forty books Dickens either wrote, were among his noted favorites, and a few books of her own selection she thought he would enjoy. Then she painstakingly created miniatures of each work, rendering their covers in minute detail, carved small portals into a regular sized book and placed each tiny tome in the spaces. That way, she could show Dickens how an eReader stores dozens (in reality, hundreds) of books in a single slim volume. What else might we explain about our modern/connected world to someone who died before the turn of the twentieth century? Here are some suggestions from loyal Official Blog readers: Explaining Farmville to John Chapman (Johnny Appleseed) How do you explain the thrills of virtual farming to the man who single-handedly, and largely on foot, populated the American Midwest with apple trees? Explaining Wikipedia to Noah Webster I wonder how Webster, called the Father of American Scholarship and Education, would feel about this equal-access encyclopedia. Maybe hed be fine with it, but I have my doubts Explaining Match.com to Jane Austen Somehow I do not think Ms. Austen would be amused. Explaining Google Earth to Christopher Columbus Native Americans probably wish this had been around. Explaining Modern Crime Scene Forensics to Sherlock Holmes (Okay, we know Holmes is a fictional character, but you get the idea.) How about you?   Wed love to hear what sorts of modern marvels you might try to explain to a person living before 1900. What would your pairing be?

Bullying English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bullying English - Essay Example Bullying may occur because of several reasons that include but are not limited to racism, hatred, and jealousy. When an individual bullies another, it fundamentally reflects a sense of insecurity in the bully to alleviate which, the individual tends to make use of bullying. Bullying is one of the most complicated issues in all kinds of organizations including schools and offices. This paper discusses the effects of bullying on the victim. Bullying has many negative effects on the psychological and physical health of an individual at any age, and is often a root-cause of life-long trauma. Bullying has many psychological effects on the victim. Bullying puts the victim into the psychological trauma. This does not only put the victim into depression, but also ruins the personality of the victim. The victim loses the tendency to deal with the challenges of life. The victim tends to underestimate his ability to handle bullies in any kind of task, because he has failed to deal with them eff ectively once in the past. This shatters the victim’s self-confidence. While the victim has a lot of potential, he is not able to utilize that because of under-estimation of his abilities. Mental scars are much more long-lasting and painful as compared to the physical scars that may be caused by bullying. Mental scars are formed as a result of complete break-down of the reputation, self-respect, and self-esteem of the victim of bullying. Sometimes, bullying inculcates violence in the behavior of the victim. The feeling that he was not able to defend himself against the bully makes the victim over-conscious in his social behavior in the future. The victim tends to interpret everything negatively even if it was not intended by the other party. Thinking that bullying has caused him a lot of suffering in the past, and moved by the urge to not let that happen ever again to him, the victim overreacts in situations where it is not required at all. As a result of this, the victim sta rts losing his respect in the eyes of others and is perceived by the society as an evil person. â€Å"[S]o many children who are bullied turn to delinquent behaviors in an effort to escape the mental anguish that has pushed upon them by a bully† (I Hate Bullies, 2009). While at heart, the victim is not a bad person and the over-reaction is just a measure of self-defense necessitated by years of pain and suffering, he gets his image tarnished in the eyes of the public. Bullying has many physical effects on the victim, particularly when the bully casts physical abuse on the victim. Physical abuse can cause anything ranging from minor scars to death of the victim. Victim of bullying is susceptible to becoming drug addict. Victims of bullying tend to seek refuge in drugs in an attempt to escape the constant feeling of embarrassment and loss of self-esteem caused by bullying. The victim becomes extremely depressed and finds ways to numb the depression, and drugs seem to provide a way out. The victim starts from occasional drug intake, and gradually becomes regular which leads him to the path of drug addiction

LANGUAGE, POWER & IDENTITY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

LANGUAGE, POWER & IDENTITY - Essay Example Variants of such are all observed and spoken having only minor linguistic, social and ideological differences. However, countries having English as their first language, owe to protect and preserve it from foreign influences, displaying minor differences at large. Since the dominancy of English with the British World dominance in the 19th Century, the English Language not only progressed but became the language of International Business, Diplomacy and Science. Being the official Language of United Nations and International Olympics Committee, English seems to be the common medium of communication between countries, owing to its effectiveness as a global language. It is estimated to be spoken by 750 million people around the world as their first language. However, the public debate about the English Language’s notion of standards has come into view since the 1980’s. The concern had resulted in the devising of a National Curriculum for English. But the drive for national individuality and integrity has failed to achieve the target as arthrography of every language is dependent on its context, pronunciation and structure. Standard English Standard English is notoriously hard to define. The concept and notion of Standard English lacks reference and base. Standard English is associated with authority, discipline and traditional, moral and social order.   It is a form of a dialect, with no local base of reference as to where it is originally originated from (AGER, MUSKENS and WRIGHT, 1993). Historically, English emerged from the combination of Celtic Language of the Britain inhabitants, which was mixed with the language of the emigrating Angles, Saxons and the Jutes. Hence, it is often taken as the different combinations of the linguistic features. In correct or more conceptual sense, it is taken as a written per formative. Orthography, grammar and vocabulary are chiefly what matter, or they in fact can be the definition of Standard English as differe nt countries where English is chiefly used like U.S, U.K, New Zealand, Canada etc. all strive towards maintaining their international identity and so the variations in Standard English occur region wise in terms of pronunciation and context but the written grammar, vocabulary and orthography remains similar. Variations in Standard English’s notion The attitude towards Standard English and its identity is different to all. It differs on the ideological, social and linguistic differences or mindsets. The philosophy and anthropology of every language is based on its use, which in turn is influenced by the history, culture and traditions of the people using the language. Cultural and ideological mind frame influence lifestyle and so the dialect of the people living in a region or a community. Even in a country, national language spoken in different provinces is spoken in different pronunciations as regard to the cultural influence on the language. Similar is the case with Standar d English- there is no standard pronunciation. It is the identity badge of a social group and must be handled properly and with all due respect (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001) A local unit comprising of members of common locality and primary interaction develop Speech community, contributing to the social effects of a society on a language. Thus, English is the mosaic of small speech communities as there exists Texas Speech community for there are London and Bostonians, Harvard speech community fo

Report on Organizational Structure and finance of British Airways

Report on Organizational Structure and finance of British Airways This report aims to give an analysis of the organisation of the British Airways Airline. It will discuss the organisational structure of British Airways and its sources of finance; that is where it gets its money from, how it is used and whether a profit or a loss is being made. The market the organisation operates in and its management type will also be discussed. The quality of the good or service provided will also be highlighted and an analysis of the supply chain that is showing the forms of distribution will be given. In conclusion, the report will summarise the information on the organisation and a view of its trading in the last five years followed by recommendations on how I feel the business may proceed in the current economic climate. The report was compiled by drawing literature from the British Airways website, lecture notes and relevant Business Organisation books. History: The British Airways, an organisation that operates in the Travel Market is the largest operating airline in the United Kingdom. It has its base at Heathrow Airport in London. Although the airline has been operational since 1919, developments over the years saw the merging of the British Airways Corp. (BOAC) and British European Airways (BEA) in 1974 leading to the establishment of the current British Airways,(Corke, 1986). The organisation operates both domestic and international flights to about 600 destinations around the world. This is the reason why it is one of the worlds leading airlines. The British Airline is a Public Limited Company (PLC). It was listed on the London Stock Exchange in 1987. Following its privatisation, the airline expanded its operations and managed to take over some competitors such as British Caledonian within the same year and Dan-Air in 1992. During the late 1990s, British Airlines established the One World alliance as it became more competitive to win more customers and had themselves high profit margins during the millennium labelling the airline a major full-service carrier, (Corke 1986). Organisational Structure: Mintzeberg et al, (1979) defines a business as an organisational entity that is legally set up to provide goods and services to customers in a country. He further states that an organisation consists of a large number of people bringing together ideas to achieve common goals using a variety of tactics to come up with short-term and long-term strategies for a businesss future success. Since British Airways is a public limited company (PLC), its type of business organisation is the private sector. Being a Public Limited Company, British Airways is owned by shareholders who buy shares from the stock exchange market and have separate legal identity from the business. If the business goes into debt each shareholder will only lose the amount of share capital they invested and not their personal possessions. Due to the airline being a private limited company, the government is not involved in its running. Its aims and objectives are to maximise profit in the long-term by focusing on improvi ng and maintaining outstanding customer service and becoming the worlds leading premium airline. An organisational structure is important because it determines how the organisation will be run in order to meet its aims and objectives, (Cunnee, 2008). He defines an organisational structure as the number of ways used in a business to set up division and specialization of labour focusing on maintaining co-ordination to achieve the same targets. British Airways has a flat structure meaning it has a small number of management levels but a wide span of control. The airline has adopted a divisional structure mainly because of the nature of its business which is customer focused. The advantages of this method are that it gives clear identification of job roles, less time consumed in decision making and easy supervision for managers between departments. This increases efficiency as different people are given the opportunities to effectively utilise their different skills, but it can also be in efficient because the managers have a large number of subordinates reporting to them therefore increasing their workload. On the other hand, employees may not feel secure about their jobs as they are being strictly watched over and may be de-motivated to work effectively. Another shortfall of this method is that each department may focus on its own objectives which may conflict with other departments, (Martin, 2010). Sources of Finance: British Airways is financed by issuing shares to the general public on the stock exchange market and from convertible bond issues. The bonds which have low interest rates could be used as a long-term fund which can be changed into share capital of the company during times of bankruptcy, (Rutterford, 2007). In 2009, the Market Watch reported that British Airways got a boost of  £600 million through the issuance of convertible bond and an agreement with its pension fund to release bank guarantees back to the airline. Of this amount  £300 million worth of convertible bonds due to mature in 2014 and will be convertible into 15% to 20% of its share capital. The other  £300 million which will only be accessible in the case of bankruptcy will allow British Airways access to bank funding of  £3330 million up June 2012, (Market Watch, 2009). Like most public companies, British Airways aims and objectives are to maximise profit. In 2008, British Airways made a profit of  £726m while its 2009 Income Statement shows a loss of  £358m. Part of the loss is due to the effects of the recession that affected a large number of United Kingdoms businesses and the whole world. Because of the recession, there was a high increase in fuel prices due to limited resources. This left British Airways with no choice but to buy the fuel regardless of the price as it is important for its business. Fewer consumers were able to afford travelling expenses due to high costs. The wage bill of the company also had a great impact during such hard times. The employees demanded high wages for them to be able to afford their own personal needs as well. The differences between the airlines management and the employees led to strikes that also contributed to the loss of profits by the company. The strikes led to a destruction of many consumers travel plans that has also led to bad public image causing a negative influence on the airlines market. The conflict of objectives between the airlines management and its employees still remains unresolved. In 2009, most of the expenditure expenses were made up of fuel and oil costs and employee costs of  £2969(m) and  £2139 (m) respectively. The loss made in 2009 was carried forward through to 2010 of which a loss of  £425(m) was made. Marketing Management Marketing is the identification and provision of customers needs at the same time ensuring that the organisation makes a profit. Marketing management is essential for a business such as British Airways as it allows for flexibility to adapt to the changing needs of the market. In this strategy, the organisation is always assessing the needs of its customers in order to design products of better value. There are many different strategies a business could adopt for better marketing management and this could be done through the marketing mix. Marketing mix is the identification of the 4/7Ps. In this report I am only going to talk about the four main Ps. The 4Ps are the product being made, the place it is going to be provided, promotional strategies put in place and the price to be paid by consumers, (Kotler et al, 2009). The nature of the business of British Airways is to provide flight services to consumers across various places around the world. The airlines product strategy includes f light services that are offered in various packages for example, the differentiation between the business, first and economic classes. This is done to satisfy each consumer as the airline has considered and provided for different classes of the economy. Promotion is the extra cost of a business to differentiate itself from competitors and try to win consumers attention by persuading them to choose them over their competitors. British Airways has branded itself as an airline that provides a luxury, safety, reliable and convenient service that transfers people to different destinations which is why one would want to go out and travel with them. Price is the value placed on the exchange of goods or services during the marketing process. Customers pay up money in return to satisfy their needs, (Smith, 2007). The price should be based on the quality of the product, taking into account customers expectations. However, charging a low price to a product worth more may not be beneficial to the company as that would lead to a loss in potential profit (Kotler et al 2009) while on the other hand; charging a high price for a product not worth it will cause a reduction in demand and bad public image. British Airways pricing policy entitles one to get what they paid for with the freedom of choice in the payment package for the type of flight service they would like. The airlines pricing strategy is based on three class seats provided by the airline. These are premium, medium-value and economy strategies. With the premium strategy, business and executive consumers are given a high quality service being charged a high price for it. British Airways competitors in this service are other giant airlines such as Virgin and American Airlines. The medium-value strategy consists of a standard charge with quality less than the premium strategy but more than of the economy strategy. The economy strategy provides just the basic services with extra benefits like entertainment and free food and drinks adding to the quality and advantage of British Airways brand image, (Kotler et al, 2007). However, the airline has revised its pricing policy to competitive based pricing meaning it charges fares at the same level as competitors or lower. The airline wants to compete with rival low-cost airlines on short-haul European flights. Free food will still be offered alth ough a fuel surcharge of  £8 per single journey ( £16 return) has to be paid by customers on top of their regular payments, (British Airways,). Another advantage of British Airways pricing strategy is that low-cost airline ticket prices a cheap when you book them well in advance but as it gets towards travelling dates they become very expensive, even much more expensive than British Airways. With British Airways the price will relatively still be the same until the week one travels. Quality Quality is a word which is defined differently by different people. From the different meanings, quality is the sum of all the features of a product or service that ensure that the customers needs are met appropriately. The products or services should be at least worth the price charged on them likewise, the quality of employees could be based on their performance with regards to the given tasks, (Mauch, 2010). British Airways adopted a high quality service approach although it eventually came to conflict with cost-cutting measurements that had to be put in place due to increased competition. The service provided by British Airways is flights from one destination to another and its brand core is Quality flights for all people meaning it tries to satisfy and accommodate all different kinds of consumers. As a consumer you get the feel of being a business man and executive traveller and the airline has the glamour any traveller would dream of. Being a fast mode of transport, less time i s consumed for people in a hurry, you are assured of being at your destination at the estimated time shown when purchasing you ticket. Most people who fly with British Airways are the business man as suggested by its brand, although all different cultures are welcome on board. Marketing wise, the airline offers luxury travel with safety and comfort whilst flying. Despite increased competition and cost-cutting, the airline still remains one of the best airlines because low-cost airlines such as Easy-Jet and Raynair do not offer extras or as much comfort and security like British Airways. This is for example, Low-cost airlines only provide cheaper fares but they do not offer luxury comfort like TV entertainment or free food and drinks on flights and business seats compared to British Airways. Supply Chain A supply chain consists of a link between different channels of distribution that is, from the raw materials to the final customer. Supply Chain Management includes five key areas that are transportation, suppliers, warehousing, meeting orders and retailers; (Chopra et al, 2010). British Airways operates in the final product that is providing the service to customers. This makes the supply chain shorter and more effective due to the provision of direct services and saves time on any occurring problems as they can be dealt with quickly. The airline operates from many different locations with its major base at Londons Heathrow Airport. The customers have the strength of buying that can be divided into two main parts that are price sensitivity and relative bargaining power. The price sensitive buyers will look at an alternative option and compare prices charged to similar products and choose the one which is more beneficial. Therefore holiday packages have been introduced to overcome bi g volume products and for the airline to gain control over its supply chain and strengthen its brand. British Airways tries to satisfy all its customers with various needs from the different classes it provides for. Value is added in its supply chain process by providing different lounges and on board food and wine menus for the first class seats. Also the regular customers of the business class seats get blue, silver or gold cards and executive lounge at all main airports. Overall, the airline provides a good service for all fliers that is giving them free food and drinks, different types of entertainment including two in flight magazines, movie collections, radio channels and TV programs, British Airways target market is both domestic and global. Although the airline welcomes customers from all walks of life, it has made a lot of effort in maintaining its business and first class sections where it maximises its profits and increases its competitiveness at the same time customers who use these two sections get real value for their money. Conclusion Due to increasing competition in the flying industry, consumers expect a reduction in the prices charged which would cause the companies to reduce the quality service provided. Although Easy-Jet and Raynair seem to have succeeded, they have had to compromise the quality of the service by making it basic with nothing much to offer apart from the reduced fare. Because of its outstanding service the British Airways has remained competitive in the current economic climate. In the three of the last five years that are 2006, 2007 and 2008 British Airways made profits of  £451(m),  £304(m) and  £726(m) respectively, however in the other two years, 2009 and 2010 it made losses of  £358(m) and  £425(m). This is mainly due to the effects of the recession that started towards the end of 2008. The airline has managed to survive the recession despite having made profit losses. I believe it has the potential to recover from its financial crisis and maintain its position as one of the leading airlines worldwide. The management and employee issues need to be addressed sooner than later in order to avoid strikes that will further increase the financial crisis of the company and also negatively affect its image in the market.